What is the inadequate respiratory rate for an adult?

In adults, a respiratory rate that is less than 8 breaths per minute is considered inadequate and indicative of potential respiratory failure or compromise. A rate this low can lead to insufficient oxygenation and carbon dioxide retention, causing serious physiological consequences.

An adult's normal resting respiratory rate typically ranges from 12 to 20 breaths per minute. Rates lower than 8 can signal severe conditions such as respiratory depression often seen in overdoses, head injuries, or metabolic imbalances. Recognizing this threshold is critical for EMTs and other healthcare providers, as it can dictate the need for immediate intervention, such as providing supplemental oxygen or initiating positive-pressure ventilation. This understanding is vital for assessing patient status and planning appropriate care.